Prototype for Bolier Plant Automation System

Introduction:

 

Boilers are very important parts of many industries like thermal plants, metallurgical industries. One of the major problem with boilers is that they often get overheated and to recover them manually a lot of time is wasted. This system makes plant automated it continuously keeps record of temperature and takes steps to regulate the plant. It controls components like fuel supply, condensing systems. If there comes a point when the system is unable to operate due to overheating, it signals workers inside by alarm to evacuate the chamber.

About key Components:

16X2 LCD:

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module and find a wide range of applications. A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used in various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred over seven segments and other multi segment LEDs. 

A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers, namely, Command and Data.

The command register stores the command instructions given to the LCD. A command is an instruction given to LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it, clearing its screen, setting the cursor position, controlling display etc. The data register stores the data to be displayed on the LCD. The data is the ASCII value of the character to be displayed on the LCD.

IR TRANSMITTER:

Infrared emitter, or IR emitter, is a source of light energy in the infrared spectrum. It is a light emitting diode (LED) that is used in order to transmit infrared signals from a remote control. In general, the more they are in quantity and the better the emitters are, the stronger and wider the resulting signal is. A remote with strong emitters can often be used without directly pointing at the desired device. Infrared emitters are also partly responsible for limits on the range of frequencies that can be controlled. An IR emitter generates infrared light that transmits information and commands from one device to another. Typically one device receives the signal then passes the infrared (IR) signal through the emitter to another device.

IR RECIEVER:

An infrared receiver, or IR receiver, is hardware that sends information from an infrared remote control to another device by receiving and decoding signals. In general, the receiver outputs a code to uniquely identify the infrared signal that it receives. This code is then used in order to convert signals from the remote control into a format that can be understood by the other device. It is the part of a device that receives infrared commands from a remote control. Because infrared is light, it requires line-of-sight visibility for the best possible operation, but can however still be reflected by items such as glass and walls. Poorly placed IR receivers can result in what is called "tunnel vision", where the operational range of a remote control is reduced because they are set so far back into the chassis of a device.

IC 358:

The LM358 datasheet specifies that it consists of two independent, high gain, internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers which were designed specifically to operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from split power supplies is also possible and the low power supply current drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage. The LM358 and LM2904 are available in a chip sized package (8-Bump micro SMD) using National’s micro SMD package technology.